Is that in the new filter? If it is, just throw it away. It's there to ensure that the engine side of the filter doesn't get anything in it. There shouldn't be anything obstructing the hose.

 

Yep, those are just packing materials. there should only be a metal rod attached to each side of the filter in which the hoses go over. Make sure you have the filter in the right way or you might have some flow problems.